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USAID Sponsored Environmental Health Reports
- USAID Sponsored Reports
- Environmental Health Project (EHP Reports
- Water and Sanitation for Health (WASH)
Below are links to selected environmental health reports and other studies sponsored by USAID. 
New Additions
- USAID - Changing Glaciers and Hydrology in Asia: Addressing Vulnerabilities to Glacier Melt Impacts, 2010. (pdf, 2.97MB)
- Report Appendices (Main Database, Summary by Region, Summary by Theme) (Microsoft Excel, xls file)
- Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor 2010 Report to Congress (pdf, 1.3MB) - describes U.S. efforts to expand access to safe drinking water and sanitation, improve water resources management and increase water productivity in developing countries.
Key Results: In FY 2009, the United States (primarily through USAID and the Millennium Challenge Corporation) invested about $774 million for all water sector and sanitation-related activities in 62 developing countries.
- USAID Global Development Alliance. (2010). Safe Drinking Water Alliance: Experiences in Haiti, Ethiopia, and Pakistan;
Lessons for future water treatment programs. (pdf, 1.51MB).
To address some of the challenges created by lack of access to safe water, in 2004, the United States Agency
for International Development’s (USAID) Global Development Alliance (GDA) brought together Johns Hopkins
Center for Communication Programs (CCP), Population Services International (PSI), CARE USA, and Procter& Gamble (P&G) to create the Safe Drinking Water Alliance (SDWA). The general goal of the Alliance was to
test three marketing models to increase demand for water treatment and to identify the potential of P&G’s PUR
in each model as an alternative POU technology.
- Safeguarding the World’s Water: 2008 Report on USAID Water Sector Activities, December 2009. (pdf, 9MB). USAID’s total investments in all aspects of the water sector reached almost $490 million in 2008. USAID provided more than 7 million people with improved water supply, more than 4 million of whom received first-time access to an improved water source.
- Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act - June 2009 (pdf, 2.4MB). U.S. State Dept/USAID. This report is required by the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005. The Act makes the provision of safe water and sanitation services in developing countries a component of U.S. foreign assistance. It requires the Secretary of State, in consultation with USAID, to develop and implement a strategy to support this goal within the context of sound water resource management.
Indoor Air Pollution/Energy
- Evaluation of Manufactured Wood Stoves in Dadaab Refugee Camps, Kenya. (pdf,6.86MB)
Feb. 2010.
Berkeley Air Monitoring Group (Berkeley Air) -
The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the potential suitability of a new generation of manufactured biomass cooking stoves for refugee and Internally Displaced Person (IDP) environments as well as disaster relief situations. Berkeley Air Monitoring Group (Berkeley Air) was asked to combine rigorous quantitative stove performance testing using the Controlled Cooking Test protocol with as much qualitative assessment of the acceptability and usability of each stove as feasible during a time-limited visit to a refugee camp designated by USAID. At USAID’s request, UNHCR agreed to host and facilitate the stove performance testing at the Dadaab refugee camp, located in northeastern Kenya.
- USAID; Winrock. December 2008. Peru Healthy Kitchen/Healthy Stove Pilot Project. (pdf, 2.30MB)
The energy team of the USAID Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade and the environmental health team of the Bureau for Global Health jointly supported the “Healthy Kitchen/Healthy Stove”3 pilot project. The project developed a unique model for the manufacture and distribution of improved wood stoves among poor rural indigenous communities; creating local organizational capacity for raising awareness about the health risks of indoor smoke among the families of 33 communities; producing and supplying the wood stove technology; and enabling widespread community access through an innovative finance scheme.
Population-Health-Environment
- Healthy People in a Healthy Environment: Impact of an Integrated Population, Health, and Environment Program in Madagascar (pdf, full-text). USAID, 2005. (executive summary, pdf)
- Nepal natural resource user groups/population, health and environment assessment: final report (pdf, 2MB). Environmental Health IQC, 2006. This report presents the results of an assessment of the
community forestry and buffer zone components of the
USAID/Nepal-funded Strengthening Actions for Good
Governance and Utilization of Natural Resources (SAGUN)
Project within the context of the overall body of experience in
user group management gained over the past quarter century.
- PHE Website - Links to key manuals, case studies, research reports, etc.
USAID Initial Environmental Examinations
- Environmental
Assessment for IRS
Using Bendiocarb, DDT
and Lambda-
Cyhalothrin for Malaria
Control in Mozambique
IRS. (pdf, 1.03MB). 2007. USAID/Mozambique. As part of a new malaria control program under the PMI, USAID proposes to implement
an Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) program in Mozambique from September/October
through November using dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) for malaria vector
control. Mozambique is characterized by perennial malaria transmission, and IRS would
be used reduce malaria incidence in the seasons of highest transmission.
- Integrated vector management programs for malaria vector control: programmatic environmental assessment (pdf, 2.5MB). Research Triangle Institute, January 2007. The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Office of Global Health
contracted RTI International to conduct a Programmatic Environmental Assessment
(PEA) to serve as an umbrella evaluation of environmental and human health issues
related to malaria vector control and to assist with the preparation of country and
activity-specific Supplemental Environmental Assessments (SEAs) for malaria vector
control programs. This PEA provides USAID project managers with the policy,
procedural, and technical guidelines to choose appropriate interventions and insecticides
and develop and implement mitigation and monitoring and evaluation activities.
- Malaria communities program (MCP): initial environmental examination (pdf, full-text). 2007.
- Monitoring and evaluation to assess and use results (MEASURE) initial environmental examination (pdf, full-text). 2006.
Water/Sanitation/Hygiene (by publication date)
- Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act - June 2009 (pdf, 2.4MB). This report reflects the input of more than 14 U.S.
Government Agencies and Departments and complements
work by other U S Government agencies to
address international water and sanitation issues.
- USAID Indonesia. 2009. Support on Water and Sanitation Sector Analysis and Program, 2009 – 2014. (pdf, 630KB) - The purpose of this report is to provide input for the water and sanitation portion of
that strategy, including a proposed set of programmatic technical assistance activities
that could constitute a USAID Water and Sanitation portfolio for the next five year
period (2009-2014).
- USAID. 2009. Donor/public sector roles in financing hygiene improvement. (pdf, 171KB) Presentation by John Wasielewski, Director, USAID Office of Development Credit at World Bank/Water and Sanitation Program, Feb. 11, 2009.
- USAID. 2007. Investments in Drinking Water Supply Projects and Related Water Resources Projects: Report to Congress. The latest USAID report to Congress that provides funding and other information about USAID supported water/sanitation projects.
- USAID POUZN. 2007. March 2007. Best Practices in Social Marketing Safe Water Solution for Household Water Treatment: Lessons Learned from Population Services International Field Programs (pdf, fill-text). The Social Marketing Plus for Diarrheal Disease Control: Point-of-Use Water Disinfection and Zinc Treatment (POUZN) Project. Abt Associates Inc., Bethesda, MD. This paper synthesizes lessons learned, best practices, successes and challenges of social
marketing safe water solution, and discusses how these lessons may be applied to planning safe
water treatment programs around the globe.
- USAID. 2007. Investments in Drinking Water Supply Projects and Related Resources Activities: Report to Congress, Fiscal Year 2006 (pdf, full-text) USAID, May 2007. In FY 2006, USAID exceeded both the worldwide and the Africa directives, obligating $203 million worldwide for drinking water supply projects and related activities, and obligating more than $81 million for drinking water activities in Africa.
- USAID Dominican Republic. April 2006. Evaluation of USAID strategy to increase potable water access and sanitation in rural areas: Dominican Republic (pdf, 1.8MB). Research Triangle Institute, April 2006. The purpose of this assessment was to conduct an external evaluation of USAID’s
strategy and approach to increase access to potable water in the rural areas over the
past five years. It is expected that this evaluation will help USAID/DR identify
lessons learned from the implementation of the Total Community Participation (TCP)
model in the rural areas and an assessment of its viability as a national strategy. The
evaluation team has identified recommendations based on these findings that will
assist USAID’s decision on future participation in the sector.
- USAID Honduras. 2006. Evaluacion del programa de agua y saneamiento rural de USAID/Honduras 1999 al presente (pdf, 1.12MB). This report, in Spanish, is an evaluation of USAID/Hondura's Rural Water and Sanitation Program since 1999. The program constructed 353 rural water systems that provide water to 134,160 people and also constructed 11,109 latrines that provide sanitation services to 68, 970 people.
- USAID OFDA. 2006. Zimbabwe emergency water and sanitation program baseline survey report, December 2005-May 2006 (pdf, 86KB). The OFDA Water and Sanitation baseline survey was carried out in Mangwe,
Gwanda, and Beitbridge districts of Matabeleland South. The objective of the survey
was to gather baseline data needed to assess the impact of the program in improving
access to clean & safe water and sanitation facilities. A total of 956 households were
interviewed.
- USAID; Catholic Relief Services. 2005. Guidelines for the development od small-scale rural water supply and sanitation projects in East Africa: a policy and planning framework for activities funded by USAID under the Title II (Food for Peace Program. Baltimore, MD. Catholic Relief Services and USAID.
- USAID; EPA. 2004. Guidelines for water reuse (pdf, 7.59MB).
This document was produced by Camp Dresser & McKee, Inc. under a cooperative research and development agreement with the US Environmental Protection Agency.
- USAID.; PAHO. 1995. Methodological guidelines for sectoral analysis in water supply and
sanitation: preliminary version (pdf, full-text). Washington DC: PAHO.
These guidelines were
developed for the purpose of constituting a framework for sector studies on water supply and sanitation. The
studies will be conducted at the country level, with national participation.
The guidelines will make it possible to analyze the various areas within a
country using similar criteria and presentation in the general sections while permitting
specificity in other aspects that are peculiar to the country.
Environmental Health Project (EHP) Reports
Topic Index
Cholera Prevention
Community Involvement Approaches
Decentralization of Water/Sanitation Services
Disaster/Emergency Situations
Hygiene Improvement/Diarrhea Prevention
Indicators for Environmental Health
Indoor Air Pollution
Lead/Industrial Pollution
Population, Environment and Health Linkages
Sanitation
Urban Health/Urban Poor
Water Supply and Sanitation
Malaria/Dengue, Vector-borne Diseases
Miscellaneous
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| Handwashing |
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| Hygiene Improvement/Diarrhea Prevention |
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| Indicators |
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| Population, Health and Environment Linkages |
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| Urban Health/Urban Poor |
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| Water Supply and Sanitation |
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| Miscellaneous |
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Water and Sanitation for Heath (WASH) Project
The Water and Sanitation for Health Project (WASH) preceded the Environmental Health Project (EHP) and published more than 500 reports from 1980 to 1994. WASH Technical Reports are manuals or guidelines and WASH Field Reports are usually country or region specific.
There is also a search feature for EHP and WASH Reports by Country. Full-text documents are in pdf format and the Adobe Reader can be downloaded free of charge.
WASH Reports - Technical Reports/Lessons Learned
- 1993. Lessons learned in water, sanitation and health: thirteen years of experience in developing countries (pdf, 6.8MB).
- 1994. Making Interdisciplinary Teams Work: A Guide for Team Leaders and Technical Assistance Managers, technical report 94.
- 1994. Sustainability of donor-assisted rural water supply projects,
technical report 94. (pdf, 4802 KB)
- 1993. Community sanitation improvement and latrine construction program:
a training guide, technical report 83.
(pdf, 11784KB)
- 1993. Conducting a Team Planning Meeting for Studies and Concept Development Tasks: Facilitator's Guide, technical report 87.
- 1993. Constraints in Providing Water and Sanitation Services to the Urban Poor, technical report 85.
- 1993. Designing and Implementing Decentralization Programs in the Water and Sanitation Sector, technical report 89.
- 1993. Financing wastewater services in developing countries, technical report 80. (pdf, 2,274 KB)
- 1993. Helping communities manage their water finances : a manual for
extension personnel working in rural or peri-urban communities, technical report 93. (pdf, 1231KB)
- 1993. Models of management systems for the operation and maintenance of
rural water supply and sanitation facilities, technical report 71.
(pdf, 3,356KB)
- 1993. Preparing for private sector participation in the provision of water
supply and sanitation services, technical report 84.
(pdf, 1,830KB)
- 1993. The Unique Challenges of Improving Peri-Urban Sanitation, technical report 86.
- 1992. Cholera prevention and control : guidelines for assessing the
options in water supply, sanitation and hygiene education, field report 380.
(pdf, 1247KB)
- 1992. Economic benefits available from the provision of improved potable
water supplies : a review and assessment of the existing evidence, technical report 77.
(pdf, 3,643 KB)
- 1992. Institutionalizing community management : processes for scaling up, technical report 76. (pdf, 1516KB)
- 1992. Manual: guidelines for water reuse, technical report 81.
(pdf, 14403 KB)
- 1992. Maximizing the economic impact of urban water supply and sanitation
investments, technical report 82.
(pdf, 1136 KB)
- 1992. Rethinking sanitation : adding behavioral change to the project mix, technical report 72.
(pdf, 1895 KB)
- 1991. Workshop design for the training of trainers, technical report 73.
(pdf, 6115 KB)
- 1990. Guidelines for conducting a financial management assessment of water
authorities, technical report 53.
(pdf, 1715 KB)
- 1990. Health benefits from improvements in water supply and sanitation:
survey and analysis of the literature on selected diseases, technical report 66.
(pdf, 2391 KB)
- 1988.Facilitator Guide for Conducting a Project Start-Up Workshop, technical report 41.
- 1988. Guidelines for Institutional Assessment: Water and Wastewater Institutions, technical report 37.
- 1988. Human resource development planning: guidelines for the water
supply and sanitation sector, technical report 20.
(pdf, 2911 KB)
- 1988. Managing institutional development projects : water and sanitation
sector, technical report 49. (pdf, 2,592 KB)
- 1985. Facilitator Guide for Conducting a Team Planning Meeting, technical report 32.
- 1981. Role of women as participants and beneficiaries in water supply and
sanitation programs, technical report 11.
(pdf, 1408KB)
- 1981. Women, water and the decade, technical report 6.
(pdf, 1220 KB)
WASH Field Reports by Country/Region
Worldwide
1991. Principles of tariff design for water and wastewater services, field report 348.
(pdf, 1109 KB)
1990. Programming guide for guinea worm eradication,
field report 329.
(pdf, 3539 KB)
1988. Guidelines for conducting willingness-to-pay studies for improved
water services in developing countries, field report 306. (pdf, 3672 KB)
Africa
1994. Senegal River Basin health master plan study, field report 453.
(pdf, 8823 KB)
1993. Comparison of the health effects of water supply and sanitation in
urban and rural areas of five African countries, field report 398.
(pdf, 2893KB)
1989. Strategy recommendations for water supply and sanitation in Africa, field report 290.
(pdf, 1694KB)
Developing sustainable community water supply systems: key
questions for African Development Foundation applicants, field report 270.
(pdf, 1558KB)
1989. Water and sanitation sector profiles of twenty African countries. (pdf, 10414 KB)
Asia/Near East
1989. Rural water supply, sanitation, and environmental issues in Asia and
the Near East (ANE), field report 282.
(pdf, 2592KB)
Eastern Europe
1993. Water quality pre-investment studies in four Danube River tributary
basins: summary report, field report 407. (pdf, 4399KB)
Ecuador
1993. Environmental health assessment : a case study conducted in the City
of Quito and the country of Pedro Moncayo, Pichincha Province,
Ecuador, field report 401.
(pdf, 4,526 KB)
Guatemala
1991. Comparison of the health effects of water supply and sanitation in
urban and rural Guatemala, field report 352.
(pdf, 1879 KB)
Jamaica
1992. Management analysis and privatization options of the National Water
Commission, Jamaica, field report 361.
(pdf, 3953KB)
Jordan
1988. Water and wastewater sector assessment in Jordan, field report 244.
(pdf, 4184KB)
1982. Proposed action plan for a national training program in the water
sector for the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, field report 34.
(pdf, 2893KB)
Tanzania
1982. Environmental sanitation master plan for training and education in
Tanzania, field report 58.
(pdf, 4370KB)
Tunisia
1990. Action plan: development of the national strategy to create and
monitor water user associations in Tunisia, field report 300.
(pdf, 2811 KB)
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1990. Re-examination of costs and benefits of rural water supply projects
in Central Tunisia, field report 298. (pdf, 2489 K
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